When is radiotherapy recommended?
Radiotherapy may be used alone, after surgery or together with systemic therapy for selected tumours of the mouth, throat, larynx, nasopharynx, salivary glands and related regions. The plan depends on tumour type, stage and individual goals.
What is the treatment mask for?
A personalised thermoplastic mask helps keep the head and neck in the same position. Planning may also use MRI or PET/CT. You should be able to breathe normally; tell staff if you feel anxious.
Why is dental assessment important?
Before irradiating areas near teeth, jaw or salivary glands, dental review may reduce preventable complications. Long-term dry mouth can raise the risk of tooth decay. Extraction or oral surgery after irradiation involving the jaw requires coordination with the treating teams.
Mouth sores and painful swallowing
Inflammation of the mouth and throat (mucositis) may cause pain, ulcers and difficulty eating or drinking. Gentle oral care and appropriate pain control are important.
Dry mouth, taste and nutrition
Saliva and taste changes may be temporary or long-lasting. A dietitian and speech-language therapist may help with food texture, swallowing exercises and maintaining nutrition. Some patients need temporary tube feeding.
After treatment
Follow-up may be needed for swallowing, jaw movement, dental health, voice, neck swelling and thyroid function. The plan should include rehabilitation when indicated.
Care during the course
Soft foods, hydration and a nutrition review may become important as symptoms change. When indicated, the team can recommend swallowing exercises, pain medication, mouth care and preventive dental measures. Tell your clinicians early if eating or drinking becomes difficult; changes in treatment should be agreed with the care team.