What is a cerebral AVM?
An arteriovenous malformation is an abnormal connection between arteries and veins in the brain. It is not cancer. It may be discovered after headaches, seizures or bleeding, or incidentally on imaging.
When can radiosurgery be an option?
Focused stereotactic radiation can be considered for selected AVMs, especially when their size or location makes other approaches difficult. Observation, microsurgery and endovascular treatment are other possibilities.
Does it work immediately?
No. The abnormal vessels may close gradually over several years. Until confirmed closure, the risk of bleeding may persist. Follow-up imaging is essential.
What risks are considered?
Possible effects include radiation-related swelling and neurological symptoms. Results depend on AVM size, location, prior bleeding and individual anatomy.
Who makes the decision?
The choice is usually discussed by a multidisciplinary team involving neurosurgery, interventional neuroradiology and a radiation specialist.
Monitoring until closure
Treatment decisions consider bleeding history, the malformation’s size and location and the risks of observation, embolisation or surgery. Images such as MRI and angiography may be used for planning and follow-up. Because closure is delayed, the risk of haemorrhage does not immediately disappear after radiosurgery.